Current Issue : October - December Volume : 2015 Issue Number : 4 Articles : 8 Articles
Background: Anecdotal reports assert a relationship between weather and lunar activity and the odontogenic\nabscess (OA) incidence, but this relationship has not been validated. Therefore, the present study investigated the\nrelationship between oral pain caused by OA and a variety of meteorological parameters and cyclic lunar activity.\nMethods: The records of all dental emergency patients treated at the AllDent Zahnzentrum Emergency Unit in\nMunich, Germany during 2012 were retrospectively reviewed. Patients with oral pain who were diagnosed with\nOA and treated surgically (n = 1211) were included in the analysis. The OA incidence was correlated to daily\nmeteorological data, biosynoptic weather analysis, and cyclic lunar activity.\nResults: There was no seasonal variation in the OA incidence. None of the meteorological parameters, lunar phase,\nor biosynoptic weather class were significantly correlated with the OA incidence, except the mean barometric\npressure, which was weakly correlated (rho = -0.204). The OA incidence showed a decreasing trend as barometric\npressure increased (p < 0.001). On multiple linear regression, the barometric pressure accounted for approximately\n4% of the OA incidence.\nConclusion: There is no evidence supporting a correlation between the incidence of odontogenic abscess and the\nweather and lunar activities...
Background: Medical-dental collaboration is essential for improving resource efficiency and standards of care.\nHowever, few studies have been conducted on it. This study aimed to investigate the attitude and awareness of\nmedical and dental students about collaboration between medical and dental practices in Hong Kong.\nMethods: All medical and dental students in Hong Kong were invited to complete a questionnaire survey at their\nuniversities, hospitals and residential halls. It contained 8 questions designed to elicit their attitudes about the\ncollaboration between medical and dental practice. Students were also asked about their awareness of the\ncollaboration between dentistry and medicine. The questionnaires were directly distributed to medical and dental\nstudents. The finished questionnaires were immediately collected by research assistants on site.\nResults: A total of 1,857 questionnaires were distributed and 809 (44%) were returned. Their mean attitude score\n(SD) towards medical-dental collaboration was 6.37 (1.44). Most students (77%) were aware of the collaboration\nbetween medical and dental practice in Hong Kong. They considered that Ear, Nose & Throat, General Surgery and\nFamily Medicine were the 3 most common medical disciplines which entailed collaboration between medical and\ndental practice.\nConclusion: In this study, the medical and dental students in general demonstrated a good attitude and awareness\nof the collaboration between medical and dental practice in Hong Kong. This established an essential foundation\nfor fostering medical-dental collaboration, which is vital to improving resource efficiency and standards of care....
Background: Health behaviors play a major role in the prevention of the most common oral diseases. To investigate\nhealth behaviors related to the potential transmission of oral bacteria from mother to child using novel multiple\ncorrespondence analysis (MCA).\nMethods: Mothers (n = 313) with children under three years attending two municipal child health clinics in Finland\ncompleted a self-administered questionnaire on health knowledge and behaviors such as sharing a spoon with their\nchild, kissing on the lips, and the mothersââ?¬â?¢ tooth brushing, smoking, age, and level of education. We used MCA to\nreveal the relationships between the mothersââ?¬â?¢ behaviors and background factors, along with unconditional, binary,\nmultivariable logistic regression models, odds ratios (OR) and their 95 % confidence intervals (95 %CI).\nResults: Of the mothers, 38 % kissed their child on the lips and 14 % shared a spoon with their child; 11 % believed\nthat oral bacteria cannot be transmitted from mother to child. Two-thirds (68 %) of them reported tooth brushing twice\ndaily, and 80 % were non-smokers. MCA revealed two diverging dimensions of the mothersââ?¬â?¢ behaviors: a ââ?¬Ë?horizontalââ?¬â?¢\none showing clear evidence of relationships between tooth brushing, smoking, age and education, whereas the\nââ?¬Ë?verticalââ?¬â?¢ one revealed the mothersââ?¬â?¢ habits of kissing the child on the lips and sharing a spoon related to each other.\nSpoon sharing was related to the kissing on lips (OR 10.3), a higher level of education (OR 3.1), and, inversely, older age\n(OR 0.1), whereas kissing on lips behavior was inversely related to a higher level of education (OR 0.5).\nConclusion: The study revealed two diverging dimensions of the mothersââ?¬â?¢ health behaviors. More emphasis in health\neducation ought to be put to how to avoid bacterial transmission from caregiver to child during feeding...
Background: The aim of this study was to determine the oral health conditions of an adolescent population of Tirana.\nMethods: A cross-sectional epidemiological study was carried out in a sample (n = 1885), aged 16-19, mean age 17.4\n(SD = 1.0), attending public schools in Tirana and province; 1200 adolescents were included into the analysis. A clinical\nobservation without radiographs was conducted in the medical room of the schools during the 2012-2013 school year.\nResults: Very severe and severe orthodontic treatment need, grade 5 and 4 of IOTN (Index of Orthodontic Treatment\nNeed), were found in 17.0 % of the sample. DMFT (Decayed, Missing and Filled Teeth) was 4.9, whereas OHI (Oral Hygiene\nIndex) was documented in the highest number of subjects (n = 384), 32 % of the total sample possessed ââ?¬Å?goodââ?¬Â grade\nof oral hygiene. CPI (Community Periodontal Index) was observed at score 0 (healthy gingival condition) in most of the\nsubjects (53.1 %), score 1 (gingival bleeding) in 33.4 % of the total sample. PI (Plaque Index) results showed 43.9 % of the\nsample (527 subjects) with score 0.\nConclusions: The study findings highlight the need for preventive care programs to improve oral health conditions as\nwell as to reduce oral pathology risk factors in Albania....
Background: Plasminogen deficiency is a rare autosomal recessive disease, which is associated with aggressive\nperiodontitis and gingival enlargement. Previously described treatments of plasminogen deficiency associated\nperiodontitis have shown limited success. This is the first case report indicating a successful therapy approach\nconsisting of a non-surgical supra- and subgingival debridement in combination with an adjunctive systemic\nantibiotic therapy and a strict supportive periodontal regimen over an observation period of 4 years.\nCase presentation: The intraoral examination of a 17-year-old Turkish female with severe plasminogen\ndeficiency revealed generalized increased pocket probing depths ranging from 6 to 9 mm, bleeding on\nprobing over 30%, generalized tooth mobility, and gingival hyperplasia. Alveolar bone loss ranged from 30% to\n50%. Clinical attachment loss corresponded to pocket probing depths. Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans,\nPorphyromonas gingivalis, Treponema denticola, Prevotella intermedia, Prevotella nigrescens and Eikenella corrodens\nhave been detected by realtime polymerase chain reaction. Periodontal treatment consisted of full mouth\ndisinfection and adjunctive systemic administration of amoxicillin (500 mg tid) and metronidazole (400 mg tid).\nA strict supportive periodontal therapy regimen every three month in terms of supra- and subgingival debridement\nwas rendered. The reported therapy has significantly improved periodontal health and arrested disease progression.\nIntraoral examination at the end of the observation period 3.5 years after non-surgical periodontal therapy showed\ngeneralized decreased pocket probing depths ranging from 1 to 6 mm, bleeding on probing lower 30%, and tooth\nmobility class I and II.\nFurthermore, microbiological analysis shows the absence of Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella intermedia and\nTreponema denticola after therapy.\nConclusion: Adjunctive antibiotic treatment may alter the oral microbiome and thus, the inflammatory response of\nperiodontal disease associated to plasminogen deficiency and diminishes the risk of pseudomembrane formation and\nprogressive attachment loss.\nThis case report indicates that patients with plasminogen deficiency may benefit from non-surgical periodontal\ntreatment in combination with an adjunctive antibiotic therapy and a strict supportive periodontal therapy regimen....
Background: Early Childhood Caries (ECC) is defined as the presence of caries lesion in an primary tooth in\nchildren below the age of 71 months. It is a significant public health problem with consequences for the growth\nand development of affected children. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence and ECC risk\nindicators in a suburban population in Nigeria.\nMethods: The data of 497 children aged 6 months to 71 months who were recruited through a household survey\nconducted in Ile-Ife, Nigeria was analysed for prevalence of ECC and risk indicators. Information on childrenââ?¬â?¢s ages,\nsex, socioeconomic status, tooth brushing habits, sugary snacks consumption, use of fluoridated toothpaste, birth\nrank, infant-feeding practices, breastfeeding practices, maternal age at childbirth, and maternal knowledge of oral\nhealth was obtained. Childrenââ?¬â?¢s oral hygiene and caries status was also determined. Risk factors associated with ECC\nwere determined using logistic regression analysis.\nResults: Thirty-three (6.6 %) children had ECC. Four (0.8 %) had severe ECC. The four risk indicators for ECC were\nthe childââ?¬â?¢s gender, mothersââ?¬â?¢ knowledge of oral health, consumption of sugary snacks in between meals more than\nthree times a day, and the childââ?¬â?¢s oral hygiene status. Females (PR: ?0.06; 95 % CI: ?0.01ââ?¬â?? -0.01; p = 0.02), and children\nwith mothers who had good knowledge of oral health (PR: ?0.06; 95 % CI: ?0.11ââ?¬â??ââ?¬â??0.008; p = 0.02) were less likely to\nhave ECC. Children who consumed sugary snacks in between meals three times a day or more (PR: 0.05; CI: 0.003 ââ?¬â?? 0.01;\nP = 0.04) and children with fair oral hygiene (PR: 0.05; 95 % CI: 0.005ââ?¬â??0.10; p = 0.03) were more likely to have ECC.\nConclusions: The prevalence of ECC in the study population was low. Promoting good oral hygiene practices and\nenhancingmothersââ?¬â?¢ knowledge of oral health may help reduce further, the risk for ECC in the study population....
Background: Molar Incisor Hypoplasia (MIH) and Deciduous Molar Hypoplasia (DMH) have significant impact on\nthe quality of life of affected individuals. The objective of the study was to determine the prevalence, pattern\nand clinical presentation of MIH and DMH in children resident in Ile-Ife, Nigeria, and their association with sex\nand socioeconomic status of the children.\nMethods: Information on age, sex and socioeconomic status was collected from 563 children aged 3 to 5 years\nand 8 to 10 years using a structured questionnaire through a household survey. Clinical examination was conducted\nto assess for the presence of DMH and MIH. The prevalence of DMH and MIH were determined. Tests of association\nbetween sex, socioeconomic status, prevalence, and pattern of presentation of both DMH and MIH were conducted\nusing Pearson�s Chi-squared test Fisher�s exact test.\nResult: Fifteen (4.6 %) of the 327 children aged 3 to 5 years and 23 (9.7 %) of the 237 children aged 8 to 10 years had\nDMH and MIH respectively. There were no significant association between DMH, sex (p = 0.49) and socioeconomic\nstatus (p = 0.32). There were also no significant association between MIH, sex (p = 0.31) and socioeconomic status\n(p = 0.41). MIH/DMH co-morbidity was observed in eight (34.8 %) of the 23 children with MIH. The mandible and\nmaxilla were affected equally. Antimere was not observed.\nConclusion: The prevalence of DMH and the prevalence of MIH in the study population were high. DMH and MIH\nwere not associated with sex and socioeconomic status. There was no specific pattern identified in the presentation of\nDMH and MIH. The prevalence of DMH/MIH co-morbidity is also high. Patients with DMH should be screened for MIH....
Background: Patient charges and availability of dental services influence utilization of dental services. There is little\navailable information on the cost of dental services and availability of materials and equipment in public dental\nfacilities in Africa. This study aimed to determine the relative cost and availability of dental services, materials and\nequipment in public oral care facilities in Tanzania. The local factors affecting availability were also studied.\nMethods: A survey of all district and regional dental clinics in selected regions was conducted in 2014. A total of\n28/30 facilities participated in the study. A structured interview was undertaken amongst practitioners and clinic\nmanagers within the facilities. Daily resources for consumption (DRC) were used for estimation of patientsââ?¬â?¢ relative\ncost. DRC are the quantified average financial resources required for an adult Tanzanianââ?¬â?¢s overall consumption per day.\nResults: Tooth extractions were found to cost four times the DRC whereas restorations were 9ââ?¬â??10 times the DRC.\nStudied facilities provided tooth extractions (100 %), scaling (86 %), fillings (79 %), root canal treatment (46 %) and\nfabrication of removable partial dentures (32 %). The ratio of tooth fillings to extractions in the facilities was 1:16. Less\nthan 50 % of the facilities had any of the investigated dental materials consistently available throughout the year, and\njust three facilities had all the investigated equipment functional and in use.\nConclusions: Dental materials and equipment availability, skills of the practitioners and the cost of services all play\nmajor roles in provision and utilization of comprehensive oral care. These factors are likely to be interlinked and should\nbe taken into consideration when studying any of the factors individually....
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